Express 4.x API

var express = require('express');
var app = express();

var express = require('express');
var app = express();

app.get('/', function(req, res) {
    res.send('hello world!');
});

app.listen(3000);

app.locals.title
// => 'My App'

app.locals.email
// => 'me@myapp.com'

app.locals.title = 'My App';
app.locals.strftime = require('strftime');
app.locals.email = 'me@myapp.com';

var express = require('express');
var app = express(); // the main app
var admin = express(); // the sub app
admin.get('/', function(req, res) {
    console.log(admin.mountpath); // /admin
    res.send('Admin Homepage');
});

app.use('/admin', admin); // mount the sub app

var admin = express();
admin.get('/', function(req, res) {
    console.log(admin.mountpath); // ['adm*n', '/manager']
    res.send('Admin Homepage');
});

var secret = express();
secret.get('/', function(req, res) {
    console.log(secret.mountpath); // /secr*t
    res.send('Admin secret');
});

admin.use('secr*t', secret); // load the 'secret' router on '/secr*t', on the 'admin' sub app
app.use(['/adm*n', '/manager'], admin); // load the 'admin' router on '/adm*n' and  '/manager' , on the parent app

var admin = express();
admin.on('mount', function(parent) {
    console.log('Admin Mounted');
    console.log(parent); // refers to the parent app
});

admin.get('/', function(req, res) {
    res.send('Admin Homepage');
});

app.use('/admin', admin);

app.all('*', requireAuthentication, loadUser);

app.all('*', requireAuthentication);
app.all('*', loadUser);

app.all('/api/*', requireAuthentication);

app.delete('/', function(req, res) {
    res.send('DELETE request to homepage');
});

app.disable('trust proxy');
app.get('trust proxy');
// => false

app.disabled('trust proxy');
// => true
app.enable('trust proxy');
app.disabled('trust proxy');
// => false

app.enable('trust proxy');
app.get('trust proxy');
// => true

app.enabled('trust proxy');
// => false
app.enable('trust proxy');
app.enabled('trust proxy');
// => true

app.engine('jade', require('jade').__express);

app.engine('html', require('ejs').renderFile);

var engines = require('consolidate');
app.engine('haml', engines.haml);
app.engine('html', engines.hogan);

app.get('title');
// => undefined

app.set('title', 'My Site');
app.get('title');
// => 'My Site'

app.get('/', function(req, res) {
    res.send('GET request to homepage');
});

var express = require('express');
var app = express();
app.listen(3000);

var express = require('express');
var https = require('https');
var http = require('http');

http.createServer(app).listen(80);
https.createServer(options, app).listen(443);

app.listen = function() {
    var server = http.createServer(this);
    return server.listen.apply(server, arguments);
};

app.all('/secret', function (req, res) {
    console.log('Accessing the secret section...');
    next(); // pass control to the next handler
});

app.param('user', function(req, res, next, id) {
    User.find(id, function(error, user) {
        if (err) {
            next(err);
        }
        else if (user){
            req.user = user;
        } else {
            next(new Error('failed to load user'));
        }
    });
});

app.param('id', function(req, res, next, id) {
    console.log('CALLED ONLY ONCE');
    next();
});

app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res, next) {
    console.log('although this matches');
    next();
});

app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res) {
    console.log('and this mathces too');
    res.end();
});

app.param(['id', 'page'], function(req, res, next, value) {
    console.log('CALLED ONLY ONCE with', value);
    next();
});

app.get('/user/:id/:page', function(req. res, next) {
    console.log('although this matches');
    next();
});

app.get('/user/:id/:page', function (req, res, next) {
    console.log('and this matches too');
    res.end();
});

var express = require('express');
var app = express();

app.param(function(param, option){
    return function(req, res, next, val) {
        if (val == option) {
            next();
        }
        else {
            res.sendStatus(403);
        }
    }
});

app.param('id', 1337);

app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res) {
    res.send('Ok');
});

app.listen(3000, function() {
    console.log('Ready');
});

app.param(function(param, validator) {
    return function(req, res, next, val) {
        if (validator(val)) {
            next();
        }
        else {
            res.sendStatus(403);
        }
    }
});

app.param('id', function(candidate) {
    return !isNaN(parseFloat(candidate)) && isFinite(candidate);
});

var app = express()
  , blog = express()
  , blogAdmin = express();

app.use('/blog', blog);
app.use('/admin', blogAdmin);

console.log(app.path()); // ''
console.log(blog.path()); // '/blog'
console.log(blogAdmin.path()); // '/blog/admin'

app.post('/', function(req, res) {
    res.send('POST request to homepage')
});

app.put('/', function(req, res) {
    res.send('PUT request to homepage');
});

app.render('email', function(err, html) {
// ...
});

app.render('email', {name:'Tobi'}, function(err, html) {
// ...
});

var app = express();

app.route('/events')
.all(function(req, res, next) {
  // runs for all HTTP verbs first
  // think of it as route specific middleware!
})
.get(function(req, res, next) {
  res.json(...);
})
.post(function(req, res, next) {
  // maybe add a new event...
})

app.set('title', 'My Site');
app.get('title'); // 'My Site'

// this middleware will be executed for every request to the app.
app.use(function(req, res, next) {
    console.log('Time: %d', Date.now());
    next();
});

// this middleware will not allow the request to  go beyond it
app.use(function(req, res, next) {
    res.send('Hello World');
});

// this middleware will never reach this route
app.use('/', function(req, res) {
    res.send('Welcome');
});

// GET /style.css etc
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));

// GET /static/style.css etc.
app.use('/static', express.static(express.__dirname + '/public'));

app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
app.use(logger());

app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/files'));
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/uploads'));

app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res) {
    res.send('user' + req.params.id);
});

app.get('/user/:id', function(request, response) {
    response.send('user' + request.params.id);
});

// index.js
app.get("/viewdirectory", require('./mymiddleware.js'));

// mymiddleware.js
module.exports = function(req, res) {
    res.send('The views directory is ' + req.app.get('views'));
};

var greet = express.Router();
greet.get('/jp', function(req, res) {
    console.log(req.baseUrl); // greet
    res.send('Konichiwa!');
});
app.use('/greet', greet);

app.use(['/gre+t', 'hel{2}o'], greet); // load the on router on '/gre+t' and '/hel{2}o'

var app = require('express');
var bodyParser = require('body-parser');
var multer = require('multer')；// v1.0.5
var upload = multer(); // for parsing multipart/form-data
app.use(bodyParser.json()); // for parsing application/json
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({extended:true})); // for parsing application/x-www-form-urlencoded

app.post('/profile', upload.array(), function(req, res, next) {
    console.log(req.body);
    res.json(req.body);
});

// Cookie: name=tj
req.cookies.name
// => "tj"

req.fresh
// => true

// Host: "example.com"
req.hostname
// => "example.com"

// GET /search?q=something
req.originalUrl
// => "/search?q=something"

// GET /user/tj
req.params.name
// => "tj"

// GET /file/javascripts/jquery.js
req.params[0]
// => "javascripts/jquery.js"

// example.com/users?sort=desc
req.path
// => "/users"

req.ptotocol
// => "http"

// GET /search?q=tobi+ferret
req.query.q
// => "tobi ferret"

// GET /shoes?order=desc&shoe[color]=blue&shoe[type]=converse
req.query.order
// => "desc"

req.query.shoe.color
// => "blue"

req.query.shoe.type
// => "converse"

app.get('/user/:id?', function userIdHandler(req, res) {
    console.log(req.route);
    res.send('GET')
})

{ path:"/user/:id?"
    stack:
    [
        { handle:[Function:userIdHandler],
          name:"userIdHandler",
          params:undefined,
          path:undefined,
          keys:[],
          regexp:/^\/?$/i,
          method:'get'
        }
    ]
    methods:{get:true}
}

'https' == req.protocol;

// Cookie： user=tobi.CP7AWaXDfAKIRfH49dQzKJx7sKzzSoPq7/AcBBRVwlI3
req.signedCookies.user
// => "tobi"

req.stale
// => true

// Host: "tobi.ferrets.example.com"
req.subdomains
// => ["ferrets", "tobi"]

req.xhr
// => true

// Accept: text/html
req.accepts('html');
// => "html"

// Accept: text/*, application/json
req.accepts('html');
// => "html"

req.accepts('text/html');
// => "text/html"

req.accepts(['json', 'text']);
// => "json"

req.accepts('application/json');
// => "application/json"

// Accept: text/*, application/json
req.accepts('image/png');
req.accepts('png');
// => undefined

// Accept: text/*;q=.5, application/json
req.accepts(['html', 'json']);
// => "json"

req.get('Content-type');
// => "text/plain"

req.get('content-type');
// => "text/plain"

req.get('Something')
// => undefined

// With Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
req.is('html');
req.is('text/html');
req.is('text/*');
// => true

// When Content-Type is application/json
req.is('json');
req.is('application/json');
req.is('application/*');
// => true

req.is('html');
// => false

// ?name=tobi
req.param('name')
// => "tobi"

// POST name=tobi
req.param('name')
// => "tobi"
// /user/tobi for /user/:name
req.param('name')
// => "tobi"

app.get('/user/:id', function(req, res) {
    res.send('user' + req.params.id);
});

app.get('/user/:id', function(request, response) {
    response.send('user' + request.params.id);
});

app.get('/', function(req, res) {
    console.log(res.headersSent); // false
    res.send('OK'); // send之后就发送了头部
    console.log(res.headersSent); // true
});

app.use(function(req, res, next) {
    res.locals.user = req.user;
    res.locals.authenticated = !req.user.anonymous;
    next();
});

res.append('Lind', ['<http://localhost>', '<http://localhost:3000>']);
res.append('Set-Cookie', 'foo=bar;Path=/;HttpOnly');
res.append('Warning', '199 Miscellaneous warning');

res.attachment();
// Content-Disposition: attachment

res.attachment('path/to/logo.png');
// Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="logo.png"
// Content-Type: image/png

res.cookie('name', 'tobi', {'domain':'.example.com', 'path':'/admin', 'secure':true});
res.cookie('remenberme', '1', {'expires':new Date(Date.now() + 90000), 'httpOnly':true});

res.cookie('rememberme', '1', {'maxAge':90000}, "httpOnly":true);

res.cookie('cart', {'items':[1, 2, 3]});
res.cookie('cart', {'items':[1, 2, 3]}, {'maxAge':90000});

res.cookie('name', 'tobi', {'signed':true});

res.cookie('name', 'tobi', {'path':'/admin'});
res.clearCookie('name', {'path':'admin'});

res.download('/report-12345.pdf');

res.download('/report-12345.pdf', 'report.pdf');

res.download('report-12345.pdf', 'report.pdf', function(err) {
// Handle error, but keep in mind the response may be partially-sent
// so check res.headersSent
if (err) {
} else {
// decrement a download credit, etc.
}
});

res.end();
res.status(404).end();

res.format({
    text:function() {
        res.send('hey');
    },
    html:function() {
        res.send('<p>hey</p>');
    },
    json:function() {
        res.send({message:'hey'});
    }
})

res.get('Content-Type');
// => "text/plain"

res.json(null);
res.json({user:'tobi'});
res.status(500).json({error:'message'});

res.jsonp(null)
// => null

res.jsonp({user:'tobi'})
// => {"user" : "tobi"}

res.status(500).jsonp({error:'message'})
 // => {"error" : "message"}

// ?callback=foo
res.jsonp({user:'tobo'})
// => foo({"user":"tobi"})

app.set('jsonp callback name', 'cb')

// ?cb=foo
res.status(500).jsonp({error:'message'})
// => foo({"error":"message"})

res.links({
    next:'http://api.example.com/users?page=2',
    last:'http://api.example.com/user?page=5'
});

Link:<http://api.example.com/users?page=2>;rel="next",
<http://api.example.com/users?page=5>;rel="last"

res.location('/foo/bar');
res.location('http://example.com');
res.location('back');

res.redirect('/foo/bar');
res.redirect('http://example.com');
res.redirect(301, 'http://example.com');
res.redirect('../login');

res.redirect('http://google.com');

res.redirect('/admin');

res.redirect('post/new');

res.redirect('..');

res.redirect('back');

// send the rendered view to the client
res.render('index');

// if a callback is specified, the render HTML string has to be sent explicitly

res.render('index', function(err, html) {
    res.send(html);
});

// pass a local variable to  the view
res.render('user', {name:'Tobi'}, function(err, html) {
    // ...
});

res.send(new Buffer('whoop'));
res.send({some:'json'});
res.send('<p>some html</p>');
res.status(404).send('Sorry, we cannot find that!');
res.status(500).send({ error: 'something blew up' });

res.set('Content-Type', 'text/html');
res.send(new Buffer('<p>some html</p>'));

res.send('<p>some html</p>');

res.send({user:'tobi'});
res.send([1, 2, 3]);

app.get('/file/:name', function(req, res, next) {

    var options = {
        root:__dirname + '/public',
        dotfile:'deny',
        headers:{
            'x-timestamp':Date.now(),
            'x-sent':true
        }
    };

    var fileName = req.params.name;
    res.sendFile(fileName, options, function(err) {
        if (err) {
            console.log(err);
            res.status(err.status).end();
        }
        else {
            console.log('sent', fileName);
        }
    });



});

app.get('/user/:uid/photos/:file', function(req, res) {
    var uid = req.params.uid
        , file = req.params.file;


    req.user.mayViewFilesFrom(uid, function(yes) {
        if (yes) {
            res.sendFile('/upload/' + uid + '/' + file);
        }
        else {
            res.status(403).send('Sorry! you cant see that.');
        }
    });

})

res.sendStatus(200); // equivalent to res.status(200).send('OK');
res.sendStatus(403); // equivalent to res.status(403).send('Forbidden');
res.sendStatus(404); // equivalent to res.status(404).send('Not Found');
res.sendStatus(500); // equivalent to res.status(500).send('Internal Server Error')

res.sendStatus(2000); // equivalent to res.status(2000).send('2000');

res.set('Content-Type', 'text/plain');

res.set({
    'Content-Type':'text/plain',
    'Content-Length':'123',
    'ETag':'123456'
})

res.status(403).end();
res.status(400).send('Bad Request');
res.status(404).sendFile('/absolute/path/to/404.png');

res.type('.html');              // => 'text/html'
res.type('html');               // => 'text/html'
res.type('json');               // => 'application/json'
res.type('application/json');   // => 'application/json'
res.type('png');                // => image/png:

res.vary('User-Agent').render('docs');

var router = express.Router([options]);

// invoked for any requests passed to this router
router.use(function(req, res, next) {
  // .. some logic here .. like any other middleware
  next();
});

// will handle any request that ends in /events
// depends on where the router is "use()'d"
router.get('/events', function(req, res, next) {
  // ..
});

// only requests to /calendar/* will be sent to our "router"
app.use('/calendar', router);

router.all('*', requireAuthentication, loadUser);

router.all('*', requireAuthentication)
router.all('*', loadUser);

router.all('/api/*', requireAuthentication);

router.get('/', function(req, res) {
    res.send('Hello World');
});

router.get(/^\/commits\/(\w+)(?:\.\.(\w+))?$/, function(req, res) {
    var from = req.params[0];
    var to = req.params[1];
    res.send('commit range ' + from + '..' + to);
});

router.param('user', function(req, res, next, id) {
    User.find(id, function(error, user) {
        if (err) {
            next(err);
        }
        else if (user){
            req.user = user;
        } else {
            next(new Error('failed to load user'));
        }
    });
});

router.param('id', function(req, res, next, id) {
    console.log('CALLED ONLY ONCE');
    next();
});

router.get('/user/:id', function(req, res, next) {
    console.log('although this matches');
    next();
});

router.get('/user/:id', function(req, res) {
    console.log('and this mathces too');
    res.end();
});

var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var router = express.Router();

router.param(function(param, option){
    return function(req, res, next, val) {
        if (val == option) {
            next();
        }
        else {
            res.sendStatus(403);
        }
    }
});

router.param('id', 1337);

router.get('/user/:id', function(req, res) {
    res.send('Ok');
});

app.use(router);

app.listen(3000, function() {
    console.log('Ready');
});

router.param(function(param, validator) {
    return function(req, res, next, val) {
        if (validator(val)) {
            next();
        }
        else {
            res.sendStatus(403);
        }
    }
});

router.param('id', function(candidate) {
    return !isNaN(parseFloat(candidate)) && isFinite(candidate);
});

var router = express.Router();

router.param('user_id', function(req, res, next, id) {
    // sample user, would actually fetch from DB, etc...
    req.user = {
        id:id,
        name:"TJ"
    };
    next();
});

router.route('/users/:user_id')
    .all(function(req, res, next) {
        // runs for all HTTP verbs first
        // think of it as route specific middleware!
        next();
    })
    .get(function(req, res, next) {
        res.json(req.user);
    })
    .put(function(req, res, next) {
        // just an example of maybe updating the user
        req.user.name = req.params.name;
        // save user ... etc
        res.json(req.user);
    })
    .post(function(req, res, next) {
        next(new Error('not implemented'));
    })
    .delete(function(req, res, next) {
        next(new Error('not implemented'));
    })

var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var router = express.Router();


// simple logger for this router`s requests
// all requests to this router will first hit this middleware

router.use(function(req, res, next) {
    console.log('%s %s %s', req.method, req.url, req.path);
    next();
})

// this will only be invoked if the path starts with /bar form the mount ponit
router.use('/bar', function(req, res, next) {
    // ... maybe some additional /bar logging ...
    next();
})

// always be invoked
router.use(function(req, res, next) {
    res.send('hello world')；
})

app.use('/foo', router);

app.listen(3000);

var logger = require('morgan');

router.use(logger());
router.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
router.use(function(req, res) {
    res.send('Hello');
});

router.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
router.use(logger());
router.use(function(req, res){
  res.send('Hello');
});

app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/files'));
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/uploads'));